In a significant expansion, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) have officially become members of BRICS, joining Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa. This enlargement, effective January 1, 2024, also includes three additional countries from the broader Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region—Egypt, Ethiopia, and Iran. The development has effectively doubled the size of the economic bloc. Meanwhile, Argentina, despite being invited to join, has formally declined the offer.

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